TECHNOLOGIE PON

Standards for passive optical networks (PONs) have been developed by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the IEEE.

ITU PON Standards

APON - The first PON solution developed in the 1990s according to the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) standard for PON networks was Asynchronous Transfer Mode PON (ATM-PON), also known as APON, with a speed of 622 Mbps. This is currently a high-speed network. APON allowed ISPs to serve multiple customers from a single router and use unpowered hubs to send data to end users.

BPON - The ITU APON standard was enhanced and evolved into Broadband PON (BPON) in 2007. BPON has upstream transmission rates of up to 622 Mbps and upstream rates of 155 Mbps to 622 Mbps.

GPON - In the early 2000s, another ITU G.984 standard, Gigabit-capable PON (GPON), emerged, which uses asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) and allows the speed of data communication to be adjusted for each user. GPON increased the downstream data rate to 2.5 Gb/s and the upstream data rate to 1.25 Gb/s. The GPON standard also specifies protocols for error correction, encryption (AES), link control (OMCI), and password or serial number authentication. In 2014, the standard was expanded to include wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM), which allowed multiple services (video, data, and voice) to be transmitted over the same fiber.

XG-PON / 10G PON - 10G-PON (also known as XG-PON) is the next-generation G.987 standard developed by the ITU in 2010. Asymmetric 10G-PON (XG-PON1) allows for downstream speeds of 10 Gbps and upstream speeds of 2.5 Gbps.

NG-PON2/TWDM-PON - The NG-PON2 standard developed by the ITU in 2015 provides an architecture that uses wavelength division multiplexing (TWDM) with 4 or more wavelengths per fiber, each of which can provide a symmetrical transmission rate of 2.5 Gbps or 10 Gbps.

XGS-PON - Introduced in 2016, the XGS-PON standard now provides synchronous transmission speeds of up to 10 Gb/s downstream and upstream. XGS-PON is not, as one might think, an evolution of XG-PON, but is an evolution of the NG-PON2 standard. XGS-PON uses different wavelengths for transmission than the original GPON standard, allowing simultaneous transmission of GPON, XGS-PON and NG-PON2.

The ITU continues to develop higher speed passive optical networking standards, including 25G-PON and 50G PON standards.

IEEE PON standards

EPON - In 2004, the IEEE published an alternative standard to the ITU standard called EPON, which based communications on the bidirectional Ethernet protocol. Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) uses packets for synchronous communication (instead of ATM - Asynchronous Transfer Mode used in GPON) and provides bandwidth up to 1 Gbps.

GEPON - was another standard issued by the IEEE that enabled 10 Gb/s speeds.

10G-EPON - ratified by the IEEE in 2009. The 10G-EPON standard provides either symmetrical transmission at 10 Gb/s downstream and upstream, or asymmetrical transmission at 10 Gb/s downstream and 1 Gb/s upstream.

FlexPON technology is the name used for a new generation of passive optical network (PON) that allows service providers more flexibility and efficiency in deploying and managing their networks. This technology was developed in response to the growing demand for higher bandwidth, faster connectivity and better management of optical networks. The following are some key aspects of FlexPON technology and its benefits:

1. Speed flexibility: FlexPON allows service providers to flexibly set speeds for different customers and applications. This means they can offer different tariffs and services at different speeds, which is suitable for different market segments.

2. Wavelength flexibility: FlexPON supports multiple wavelengths, allowing multiple services to run on a single optical fibre. This can mean separate wavelengths for different services such as internet, IPTV and telephony.

3. Cost reduction: FlexPON technology can reduce the cost of managing and operating fibre networks. With greater flexibility in network setup and operation, service providers can make better use of their resources and minimize infrastructure investments.

4. Increased spectrum efficiency: FlexPON enables better use of available spectrum, which can lead to higher network capacity and speed. This is particularly important given the growing demand for broadband.

5. Support for future innovation: FlexPON is designed to be ready for future innovations and increases in network speed and capacity requirements. This means that service providers do not need to perform extensive network upgrades every time technology requirements change.

Overall, FlexPON technology provides greater flexibility, efficiency and scalability for passive optical networks, which is essential for delivering modern broadband services and adapting to rapidly changing customer needs.

FlexPON ports enable a variety of PON SFP types from GPON to GPON/XGS-PON Combo SFP+. You can further differentiate the functionality with RTU (Right-to-Use) licenses to enable the required services incrementally

GPON MODE

• GPON SFP - GPON SFP and license
• COMBO SFP - corresponding number of GPON licenses, XG(S)-PON network is not available, serves as preparation for transition to 10G

COMBO MODE

• COMBO SFP - corresponding number of GPON licenses and corresponding number of RTU 10G licenses

Example:

We have 8 XGS-PON Combo SFPs. 4 running GPON only, and 4 running both GPON and XGS-PON

• The licenses for the 4 GPON services are PON Port License,Based on per PON Port and enable GPON service on the port
• Licenses for 4 GPON/XGS-PON services are PON Port License, Based on per PON Port for GPON and XG(S) PON Port RTU, Based on per PON Port for XGS-PON(10/10) service on the port

So in total I need 8 GPON and 4 XGS-PON licenses